Author(s): Apeh Kenneth, Nweze Obini Nwanze and Abubakar Muhammad Auwal

Abstract: Although under-five mortality in Nigeria has decreased, some regions, such as the North-West, continue to have a high death rate. As a result, efforts to reduce the rate must continue by identifying the primary cause of under-five death. The primary goal of this study is to determine the key variables influencing the survival of children under the age of five in Nigeria's North-West region using the 2018 Demographic and Health Survey data. The Cox Proportional Hazard Regression was used in this study to evaluate the influence of mother's education, age of first delivery, previous birth interval, birth type, gender of the under-five child, and paramedics' assistance during labor. All factors had a significant influence on the survival rate of children under the age of five. Females under the age of five had a lower hazard (risk) of dying than men. When compared to single-birth offspring, twins experienced a threefold increase in the risk of mortality. Furthermore, a greater mother's education is associated with a reduced risk.

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