2023, Vol. 8, Special Issue 4

A total number of five hundred and twenty-two, advanced breeding lines of wheat were estimated of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance under the normal environmental condition at the BISA farm of Jabalpur, (India) in 2018-2019 & 2019-2020 rabi season. Analysis of observed data were highly significant. GCV and PCV were highest for a number of productive tiller per plant followed by biomass per plot, peduncle length, number of grain per spike and lowest to days to 50% flowering and days to 50% heading. Heritability estimates were high for days to 50% heading and days to 50% flowering followed by biomass/plot, grain yield/plot and lowest for spike length and number of spikelets/spike in case of both environments. The estimates of genetic advance (GA) were highest for biomass/plot followed by grain yield/plot, number of grain/spikes, days to 50% flowering, days to 50% heading and lowest for spike length, number of productive tillers and peduncle length under both environments. grain yield gave a positive correlation with the number of productive tillers, spike length, number of spikelets /spike, number of grains/spike and biomass. While it give negative correlation with days to 50% heading, days to 50% flowering and days to maturity. This study suggests that the presence of adequate genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance and its relationship among yield for contributing traits under a normal environment is suitable for breeding programs and crop improvement.

Several methods for hybrid development in wheat have been deployed like heterosis, male sterility, use of CHA’s, use of molecular mapping, use of biparental mapping, use of MAS, etc. Unfortunately, still attention should be paid for seed setting in wheat to enhance the genetic variance and heritability. In this regard, we therefore investigated 522 advanced breeding lines for anther extrusion and its associated traits in wheat, to explore the wheat genome with the help of anther extrusion through genome wide association analysis and to apply reaction norms GXE models to predict anther extrusion in multi-environment setting with the aim of getting maximum genetic gain in the hybrid wheat breeding program.